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Christopher Columbus: Explorer
الأربعاء 6 يناير - 8:55
Christopher
Columbus: Explorer
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) was an Italian explorer who sailed across the
Atlantic Ocean in 1492, hoping to find a route to India (in order to trade for
spices). He made a total of four trips to the Caribbean and South
America during the years 1492-1504.
The First Trip:
Columbus sailed for King Ferdinand II and Queen
Isabella of Spain.
On his first trip, Columbus led an expedition
with three ships, the Niña (captained by Vicente Yáñez Pinzon), the
Pinta (owned and captained by Martin Alonzo Pinzon), and
the Santa Maria (captained by Columbus), and about 90 crew members. They
set sail on Aug. 3, 1492 from Palos, Spain, and on October 11, 1492, spotted the
Caribbean islands off southeastern North America.
They landed on an island they called Guanahani, but Columbus
later renamed it San Salvador.
They were met by the local Taino Indians, many of whom were captured by Columbus' men and later
sold into slavery. Columbus thought he had made
it to Asia, and called this area the Indies,
and called its inhabitants Indians.
While
exploring the islands in the area and looking for gold to loot, Columbus' men traveled to the islands of Hispaniola (now
divided into Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Cuba, and many other smaller
islands. On the return trip, the Santa Maria was
wrecked and the captain of the Pinta sailed off on his own to try to beat Columbus back. Columbus returned to Spain in the Nina, arriving on
March 15, 1493.
 In 1492, Columbus sailed from Spain with three ships. Two of the ships, the Niña and the Pinta were small caravels. The third ship, the Santa Maria, was larger, and was captained by Columbus. The ships were from 15 to 36 meters long. |
The Second Trip:
On a second, larger expedition (Sept. 25, 1493-June 11, 1496), sailed with 17
ships and 1,200 to 1,500 men to find gold and capture Indians as slaves in the Indies. Columbus
established a base in Hispaniola and sailed around Hispaniola and along the
length of southern Cuba.
He spotted and named the island
of Dominica on November
3, 1493.
The
Third Trip:
On a third expedition (May 30, 1498-October 1500), Columbus
sailed farther south, to Trinidad and Venezuela
(including the mouth of the Orinoco
River). Columbus
was the first European since the Viking Leif Ericsson to set
foot on the mainland of America.
 Captain Christopher Columbus' ensign (banner) pictured a cross and the crown-topped initials F (for King Ferdinand of Spain) and Y (for Queen Isabella of Spain). |
The
Fourth Trip:
On his fourth and last expedition (May 9, 1502-Nov. 7, 1504), Columbus
sailed to Mexico, Honduras and Panama
(in Central America) and Santiago (Jamaica).
Columbus is buried in eastern Hispaniola (now
called the Dominican
Republic).
Related Pages:
 Christopher Columbus Activity Book. A short activity book on Christopher Columbus for early readers with connect-the-dots, color the map, do a ship maze, fill in the letters to label the ship, match the sails, finish the Columbus portrait, unscramble the words, do a wordfind puzzle, and do a word path puzzle. |  Columbus Day Activities |  Christopher Columbus Map Activity A map activity on Columbus' 1492 voyage to the New World. Or go to the answers. |  Columbus Day Spelling Word Questions Use the list of spelling words to answer simple questions. Words: ship, explorer, voyage, compass, ocean, Columbus, Europe, island, Santa Maria, king. Or go to the answers. |
 Columbus Day Synonyms Use the word bank to find synonyms of common words. Words: voyage/trip, ships/boats, map/chart, land/place, king/ruler, long/lengthy, difficult/hard, discovering/finding, sea/ocean, New World/America. Or go to the answers. |  World: Outline Map Printout An outline map of the world to print (countries not marked). |  Caribbean: Outline Map Printout An outline map of the Caribbean to print. |  Dominican Republic: Outline Map Printout An outline map of the Dominican Republic to print. |
 Haiti: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Haiti to print. |
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